Islamic Jerusalem

Islamic Jerusalem continued:

The Abbasid dynasty takes over and they try to wipe away the memory of the Umayidds. Abbasid Caliph tried to take credit for the dome of the rock. Islam does not like that the Christians say there are three Gods, they have a problem with this. They refer to Judaism and Christianity the people of the book.
Muhammad al- Sanhaji, governor of Jerusalem kills John the Patriarch in 965 BCE. The Fatimids rule out of Egypt. They rule from 969-1099. Population of Jerusalem increases during the crusades but there is a small minority of Islam. Near the end of the Fatimid rule they appoint Christian and Jewish governors. The Byzantine army tries to recapture Jerusalem. In 1009 Caliph al Hakim orders the people to destroy all Jewish and Christian houses of prayer.
From 1070- 1098 the Seljuqs occupy Jerusalem. They destroyed a lot of the city. They used to be a part of the Fatimids, but they separated. Fatimids later retake Jerusalem from them.
Saladin conquers Jerusalem in 1187. He lets people leave if they want to, but if they stayed they had to follow his rule. He gave the Church of the Holy Sepulcher to the Greek Orthodox Church. He allows Jews to settle in Jerusalem again. The Jews that settle in Jerusalem are mostly from Ashkelon and they settled in the Jerusalem quarter also known as the Maghribi quarter. Mamluk was from 1250-1516. They were slaves that had converted to Muslim. They were a movement. They built up the temple mount and built schools and cities. Al-Madrasa al- Ahsrafiyya: this was a Qur’anic school. It was called the third jewel after the dome of the rock and the al-Aqsa mosque and built in 1482. It was built by sultan al- Ashraf qaitbey 1486-96.
The Jewish quarter was growing. Rabbi Moses ben Nachman makes Aliyah to Jerusalem in 1257 BCE. He founds the Ramban synagogue which becomes the center of the Jewish quarter. He attracts Jews to Jerusalem by getting them to study with him. He claims that making aliyah is a commandment that all Jews have to follow. He develops kabbalah and Jewish mysticism. He made Jerusalem a spiritual center. He was histories first Zionist.
Ottoman Jerusalem is from 1516-1918. This was the Turkish ottoman kingdom. Suleiman the Magnificent, the Sultan ruled from 1520- 1566. He rebuilt the walls of Jerusalem. Rebuilds a lot of Jerusalem, the markets and more. He makes Jerusalem a center for Islam. During this period, there are more Jews coming to settle in Jerusalem. He restores holy cites. He gave the western wall to the Jews, and it gains myth. Some myths include that the gate of heaven is above the western wall, and that it is the remaining wall from the temple.