After the reign of king David and Solomon are over, the united monarchy splits into two separate monarchies and kingdoms. The tribes split into North and South. There were 10 tribes in the northern kingdom and 2 tribes in the southern kingdom. Solomon’s son Rehoboam becomes the king of the South and Jeroboam becomes the king of the North. Rehoboam is a hard and strict leader, which the north did not like. The north rebelled against Rehoboam and became their own kingdom. The northern kingdom is called Israel and the southern kingdom is called Judah, which includes the tribes of Benjamin and Judah. The southern kingdom has the temple and Jerusalem. Since Jerusalem is a part of the southern kingdom, the north does not want its people to go to there to worship. This causes Jeroboam to build other places of worship for his people.
The northern and southern kingdom were constantly in battle with one another. During 875 BCE, Baasha, king of Israel attacks Judah. Judah then teams with Syria to win against Israel. Judah wins and pays tribute to Syria. Jehu becomes a vassal to Asyria’s king Shalmaneser III and Israel becomes a vassal to Assyria.
Assyria becomes a powerful empire and is a threat to both Judah and Israel. Assyria helps Judah win against Israel and wipe out most of the north. Shalmaneser V, king of Assyria installed Hosea as the new king of Israel. Later the capital of Israel, Samaria falls in 721 BCE. This causes many people to move to the Judah and Jerusalem. During this time there is a building up of Jerusalem. Although there was a building up of Jerusalem, Jerusalem falls in 586 BCE.
Before Jerusalem fell, there was a major growth. This growth occurred when Assyria came in and took over Samaria. People begin to move into cities and urbanization occurs. There was a new royal administrative site developed. This probably included the royal seal impressions, LMLK. LMLK means for the king. King Hezekiah prepared to rebel against Assyria. He built a broad wall around Jerusalem, increases the water supply, royal storage jars, and 4 administrative centers.
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